samuel f



SAMUEL FOX, OF SHEFFIELD, ENGLAND.

ITIMBIRIIJILIIAl AND PARASOL.

Specification f'Lecters Patent No. 9,725, dated May 17, 1853.

To all whom t may. concern:

Be it known that I, .SAMUEL Fox, of Stocks Bridge Works Deepcar, nearSheffield, England, a subject of' the Queen of Great Britain, haveinvented or discovered new and useful Improvements in Umbrellas andParasols; and I, the said SAMUEL FOX, do hereby declare that the natureof my said invention and the manner in which the same is to be performedare fully described and ascertained in and by the following statementthereof, reference being had to the drawing hereunto annexed and to thefigures and letters marked thereon-that is to say:

Figure 1 shows a portion of a narrow fillet or sheet of steel such as Iemploy. Fig. 2 shows a like fillet or narrow strip of steel platepartially bent into a trough-like form and this bending I perform byrollers one' having a groove around it v. and-the other a correspondingprojection so that by passing a narrow fillet or sheet of steel throughbetween such rollers the lsaine is bent into the form shown. Fig. 3shows the metal as having been further bent by passing it betweenanother groove and a corresponding projection in another pair of rollersand it is this shape that I employ the steel in making the ribs andstretchers of umbrellas and parasols whereby I obtain great strength andlightness. l

I would remark that I am aware that solid ribs and stretchers of steeland also stretchers and ribs of steel tubes have heretofore been used inthe making of umbrellas and parasols, but not with such advantage asresults from the use of open trough-like ribs and stretchers of steel orit may be other material according to my invention. The strength o-f themetal ribs will vary according to the size, length and strength desiredfor particular sizes of umbrellas and parasols. In making ribs oftwenty-six inches long I have employed steel wire of No. 13 wire gageand having annealed the wire I pass it between a pair of plain rolls andmake it flat thus producing narrow strips or fillets bringing it to awidth of about No. 6 of the wire gage. Before passing such narrow stripso-r fillets through between the rolls above ment-ioned for producing theopen trough-like form I anneal them-and having produced the trough-likeform I again anneal the metal and having stra-ightened the length I cutoff the sizes for ribs and stretchers. If heavier and stronger ribsmanner Fig. 4 shows two views of the lower end of a rib the sides ofwhich have been somewhat pressed toward each other by means of tools ina fly or other press. Into the end of the rib a is then introduced thewire eye b shown separately at Fig. 5. The rib is then subjected to asecond pair of tools in a suitable press by which the edges lof themetal are shut and a knob or proper tip form is given to the end as isshown at Fig. 6. This end of the rib is then submitted to anotherpair oftools to press in the sides so as to close them into the eye as shown atFig. 7.

In order to form the other end of a rib so as to render it suitable forentering the top notch I cause the sides to be flattened between a pairof tools shown at Fig. 8 a small piece of steel or other metal c havingbeen introduced and the end is again subjected to pressure between apair of tools by which it is caused to assume theform Fig. 9 and bymeans of a file the end ,is to be rounded off as shown at Fig. 10 and ahole is to be pierced as shown at Fig. 11. In order to obtain aconvenient means of connecting a rib to a stretcher I apply a plate orstrip of metal cl Fig. 12 which being bent into the form shown I placewithin it a rib and then by placing these parts between a pair ofpressing tools or otherwise I bend the plate into the form shown at Fig.13 and then by means of a pair of tools I raise the side and force theends of the plate of metal cl tightly into the trough as shown at Fig.14, after which the projections are to be perforated as shown at Fig. 15and the stretcher is to be pin-jointedv to it as shown at Fig. 16. Theribs and stretchers are hardened and tempered before afiixing the plated for connecting them together.

I would remark that I have not thought it necessary in the drawing toshow the rolls or the pressing tools as their construction will at oncebe understood from the forms i l The improvement in the manufacture oflumbrellas and parasols herein described the ofmet-alproduced`tliereby`andl v'vhich are' shown in therdrawing. 'Inmaking the stretchers of open trough like metal lI make the two endsalike and similar to What has been above described in respect to theends of the ribs.

Having thus described my invention or the manner of performing the sameI wouldv have it understood that I do not claim the bending orcorrugating a metallic plate orf bar for the purpose of impartingstrength thereto. But

What I claim istions is facilitated. SAML.'FOX. Signed in the presenceoff CHARLES A. BRANsoN,

HUGH S. FERNs.

